une suggestion...

coefficient de criticité

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Note added at 13 minutes (2020-02-09 11:18:38 GMT)
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ou indice de criticité
https://publications.polymtl.ca/1225/1/2013_JeanPhilippeBrau...

Une suggestion

English term (edited): RPN (Risk Priority Number)

RPN stands for 'Risk Priority Number' but this is surely not asked. As the question was asked in the English to French language pair, you also like to know what the corresponding French term is:

Probability
. The likelihood of the failure occurring.
Risk Priority Number (RPN)
. Severity (of the event) × Probability (of the event occurring) × Detection (Probability that the event would not be detected before the user was aware of it)
Severity
. The consequences of a failure mode. Severity considers the worst potential consequence of a failure, determined by the degree of injury, property damage, system damage and/or time lost to repair the failure.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analy...

L'AMDEC se distingue de l'AMDE (Analyse des modes de défaillance et de leurs effets, traduction de l'anglais FMEA ou Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) par une quantification portée par la notion de criticité C.

On évalue la criticité, parfois appelée IPR (Indice de Priorité du Risque), par le produit :
. C = F × G × D.
:
Pour chaque mode:
. On identifie et évalue :
. sa (ses) cause(s) et l'indice de fréquence (classe d'occurrence),
. ses effets et l'indice de gravité (classe de sévérité),
. les mesures mises en place pour détecter la défaillance et l'indice de détection (classe de probabilité de détection),
. On calcule la criticité : (indice de fréquence) × (indice de gravité) × (indice de détection),
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analyse_des_modes_de_défaillan...

Guide méthodique pour l’évaluation des risques relatifs à la sécurité e la sûreté biologiques
:
Pour chaque situation dangereuse identifiée, il convient de calculer l’indice de criticité ou indice de priorité du risque (IPR) qui correspond au produit des 4 paramètres sus-nommés. Sa valeur permet de hiérarchiser les risques en vue d'actions correctives.
https://www.google.de/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd...

Sûreté de fonctionnement des équipements et calculs de fiabilité
:
Si, dans tous les cas, la valeur de la criticité C ou Indice de Priorité du Risque IPR est supérieure à 96, la défaillance sera considérée comme critique et devra être neutralisé.
https://books.google.de/books?id=d5lTQTFm2d8C&pg=PA46&lpg=PA...

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Note added at 4 hrs (2020-02-09 15:36:23 GMT)
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Failure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is an extension of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA).

FMEA is a bottom-up, inductive analytical method which may be performed at either the functional or piece-part level. FMECA extends FMEA by including a criticality analysis, which is used to chart the probability of failure modes against the severity of their consequences. The result highlights failure modes with relatively high probability and severity of consequences, allowing remedial effort to be directed where it will produce the greatest value.
:
Criticality ranking
Failure mode criticality assessment may be qualitative or quantitative. For qualitative assessment, a mishap probability code or number is assigned and entered on the matrix. For example, MIL–STD–882 uses five probability levels:
Failure Probability Levels (MIL–STD–882)
escription Level Individual Item Fleet
Frequent A Likely to occur often in the life of the item Continuously experienced
Probable B Will occur several times in the life of an item Will occur frequently
Occasional C Likely to occur some time in the life of an item Will occur several times
Remote D Unlikely but possible to occur in the life of an item Unlikely, but can reasonably be expected to occur
Improbable E So unlikely, it can be assumed occurrence may not be experienced Unlikely to occur, but possible
:
Recommendations
After performing FMECA, recommendations are made to design to reduce the consequences of critical failures. This may include selecting components with higher reliability, reducing the stress level at which a critical item operates, or adding redundancy or monitoring to the system.
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FMECA report
A FMECA report consists of system description, ground rules and assumptions, conclusions and recommendations, corrective actions to be tracked, and the attached FMECA matrix which may be in spreadsheet, worksheet, or database form.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode,_effects,_and_cri...